My orchestral and ensemble pieces are often abstract and purely musical, about sounds and textures for their own sake, sometimes emotional, sometimes intellectual, but about music in its own right.

Other pieces are often more theatrical, designed to provoke reaction. I respond directly to the political events around me and the social consequences of injustices and inequalities all too apparent in our society.

More personal songs are often a reaction to family events , a particular focus recently on loss and bereavement.

I still write in a traditional score driven way when writing orchestral music, but increasingly use virtual instruments and midi to create self sufficient musical events. Rock music and songs are generally recorded in a traditional manner with microphones through a desk, though mixing and mastering are done using contemporary software and computers.